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It’s important to note here that lots and lots of people speaking MSA simply don’t bother with these rules. To keep from overwhelming you, this guide will only touch on counting things from three to ten. People say it’s the hardest part of MSA grammar by far, simply because it involves so much memorization. Since the number is an adjective, it has to match the noun in its case and gender.Ģ- Counting Things Part 2: Universal Reverse AgreementĪfter two, counting and the Arabic number system in general are more difficult. If you really need to emphasize the number, you actually put the number after the item described. Where English has singular and plural, Arabic has singular, dual, and plural forms of words.īecause of this explicit grammar marking, the Arabic singular and dual forms also capture the feeling of having “one” or “two” of something. 1- Counting Things Part 1: Counting to Two So you see, as Arabic speakers read running text right to left, they don’t have to readjust their speech for two-digit numbers, as their eyes run into the ones place first, then the tens. Germans and German learners should feel right at home. The Arabic digits are written left to right, opposite from the rest of the script.Īs strange as that sounds, it’s actually about to make a little more sense when you see the numbers after twenty.Īnd we simply follow that pattern up through ninety-nine.
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What’s the deal, though, with the order of digits? There’s no mistake here. The numbers eleven through nineteen are similar in structure to their English counterparts. When it comes to numbers in Arabic, grammar and additional structure rules are important to remember.
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This is particularly true for places (such as Pakistan) which use an Arabic-derived alphabet but have a large population of English-speakers. We’re giving the Eastern Arabic numerals here, though on many signs and public notices you’ll see the Western Arabic forms (1, 2, 3) that you’re already used to. Here, you can hear each word pronounced and see it accompanied by an image of its English numeral! Number Without zero, it would be pretty hard to get math off the ground at all.īy the way, we also have a simple Arabic number vocabulary list you can check out first.
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The simplest thing to start with is zero. Let’s learn the Arabic numbers 1 to 10 (or rather, 0 to 10). Let’s have a look at these numbers, go over the Arabic number formats, and get started using them in Modern Standard Arabic to help you better understand about counting numbers in Arabic languages. In fact, in many public displays such as street signs or advertising, they’ve actually displaced the Eastern Arabic ones. However, it’s important (and perhaps reassuring) to note that Western Arabic digits are universally understood. Those get called “ Hindu-Arabic numerals” or نظام العد الهندي العربي ( niẓām al-ʿad al-hindī al-ʿarabī) in the Arabic language.Įastern Arabic numerals are still regularly used in Arabic writing, and so that’s what we’ll focus on today. It turns out that what English-speakers know as “Arabic numbers” are actually Western Arabic numbers. Perhaps the only exception is where they speak Arabic. Even in China, the word for Arabic digits (as opposed to Chinese digits) is “Arabic numbers.” In the United States, we call our numbers “Arabic numerals.” In fact, they’re called that pretty much all over the world.